What is the function of the collective control in a helicopter?

The collective control in a helicopter is primarily responsible for changing the pitch of all rotor blades simultaneously. This is achieved by raising or lowering the collective lever, which alters the angle at which the rotor blades meet the oncoming air, known as the angle of attack. When the pitch of the rotor blades is increased, it generates more lift, allowing the helicopter to ascend. Conversely, reducing the pitch decreases lift, enabling descent.

The capability of the collective to adjust the rotor blade pitch universally makes it a critical component for vertical flight control. This function sets it apart from other controls within the helicopter, as it directly relates to managing altitude and overall flight dynamics through collective lift generation.

In contrast, adjusting the helicopter’s speed is not governed by the collective; instead, it is managed primarily by the cyclic control, which influences the rotor blade pitch based on their orientation relative to the aircraft’s motion. The side-to-side movement, or lateral control, is mainly handled by the cyclic as well, allowing the pilot to maneuver left or right. Lastly, fuel flow management is typically executed via a separate throttle control and does not involve the collective function at all.