What is the preferred emergency landing technique if a helicopter experiences an engine failure?

The preferred emergency landing technique when a helicopter experiences an engine failure is to perform a controlled autorotation to an open area. This method is crucial because autorotation allows the helicopter to descend safely without engine power while maintaining control and minimizing the risk of injury to the occupants.

Selecting an open area for landing is vital for several reasons. First, it provides ample space for a safe touchdown without obstacles, which could lead to accidents or damage to the helicopter. By choosing a clear zone, the pilot can also ensure a relatively smooth landing, reducing the chances of injury during the descent.

In contrast, attempting to perform a controlled autorotation to a designated airport could involve flying longer distances and navigating potential obstacles or air traffic, which may not be safe given the engine failure. While a controlled autorotation can also theoretically be executed to a road, this choice poses risks such as traffic or power lines, making it less favorable. Lastly, conducting a power-on landing during an engine failure is not sensible, as the absence of engine power means that there would be no available thrust to assist with stabilization during descent.

Thus, opting for an autorotation to an open area maximizes safety and control in the event of an engine failure.